Septal endocarditis, bone infection and severe leg ischemia detected in Tc-99m labelled monoclonal anti granulocyte scan

Patient 28 years old has continued to have a persistent fever (39.2°C), despite ten days treatment by specific antibiotics for bacterial endocarditis associated to a recent claudication of the right lower leg. The persistent fever has motivated a 99mTc-labelled monoclonal anti granulocyte scan which has showed an important uptake in the myocardial septum, and other infection locations in temporal bone and in right tibial arteries. Two days after, a nanocolloids-99mTc WBS showed no uptake in the heart area, a total absence of uptake of the nanocolloids in the bone marrow of right tibia b and cranial SPECT views confirmed the infectious site in the right temporal bone. New antibiotic strategy was adopted successfully associated with surgical amputation of the right lower leg.

Effect of Mesua ferrea Linn. flower extract on Salmonella.

Based on its traditional uses in folk medicine, the whole flower extract of Mesua ferrea Linn. was tested for its in vitro antimicrobial efficacy against five different strains of Salmonella spp. All the strains were found to be highly sensitive to the extract, MIC of the extract against each organism being 50 microg/ml. The extract was tested in vitro for its mode of antibacterial activity against S. Typhimurium NCTC 74 and it was found to be bactericidal in action. In vivo studies of this extract offered significant protection to Swiss albino mice at doses approximately 2 and 4 mg/mouse when challenged with 50 median lethal dose of S. Typhimurium NCTC 74. Further, the extract caused statistically significant reduction in viable count of the strain in liver, spleen and heart blood of challenged mice.

Pharyngeal colonisation, ADNB response and development of cardiac lesions in mice following intranasal inoculation with group A beta haemolytic streptococcus M type 18.

Swiss albino mice from a randomly bred colony were inoculated intranasally with 1.6, 2 or 2.4 x 10(7) colony forming units of a mid-logarithmic phase culture of group A beta haemolytic streptococcus M type 18 for 3 days, 6 days or once a week respectively for three weeks. Pharyngeal colonisation could be observed in 67 (59.8%) of 112 mice on 4th day after inoculation and 14 (38%) of the 37 mice on 21st day. Out of 27 mice tested for determination of antibodies to deoxyribonuclease B at regular intervals for 98 days, 15 (55.5%) showed responses, with maximum titers varying from 50 units to 4800 units in individual mice. Histopathological evidence for cardiac lesions were seen in five (3.03%) of the 165 animals studied. These included one case of severe endocarditis, two cases of endocarditis with valvular lesions and one case with non-specific lymphocyte infiltration in the heart. One other animal showed subendocardial oval nodular aggregates. Although the cellular nature of these lesions were not determined, this study shows that Swiss albino mice can serve as suitable animal models to study experimental streptococcal infections. However these are preliminary observations and are to be confirmed and revalidated by further controlled experiments.

Occurrence and public health importance of enterobacteriacea in giblets at consumer level

A total of 30 samples of giblets [10 of each gizzards, hearts and livers] were collected from general markets at Alexandria Province and examined bacteriologically for detection of enteric organisms. Respectively, the mean values for total coliform/g of the gizzard, heart and liver were 8.30 x 10 4 +/- 2.06 x 10 4, 3.64 x 10 2 +/- 0.67 x 10 2 and 2.79 x 10 4 +/- 0.55 x 10 4 and 7.06 x 10 4 +/- 2.23 x 10 4, 4.72 x 10 2 +/- 0.85 x 10 2 and 3.6 x 10 4 +/- 0.67 x 10 4 for total Enterobacteriaceae count. E. coli were the highest isolates from gizzards, hearts and livers [11.90%, 23.80% and 4.76%], followed by Enterobacter cloacae [2.38%, 9.52% and 4.76%] and Enterobacter aerogenes [2.38%, 9.52% and 2.38%]. Citrobacter frequndii, Hafnia alvei, Proteus rettgeri, Proteus morganii, Salmonella spp., Salmonella typhi and Shigella flexneri type 6, could be isolated in a different percentages from examined samples. Spoilage effect as well as the public health significance of isolated species have been discussed